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Leopold Eidlitz (March 10, 1823,〔(Landmarks Preservation Commission: Tweed Copurthouse, 16 October 1984 )〕 Prague, Bohemia — 1908, New York City) was a prominent New York architect best known for his work on the New York State Capitol (Albany, New York, 1876–1881), as well as "Iranistan" (1848), P. T. Barnum's house in Bridgeport, Connecticut; St. Peter's Church, on Westchester Avenue at St. Peter's Avenue in the Bronx (1853); the former Temple Emanu-El (New York, 1866–68, destroyed 1927); the Broadway Tabernacle (1859, demolished about 1907); the completion of the Tweed Courthouse (1876–81); and the Park Presbyterian Chapel on West 86th Street and Amsterdam Avenue.〔Park Presbyterian Chapel and Church have been the subject of a heated preservation battle in New York's Upper West Side. The main sanctuary, which occupies the corner lot, was added in a sympathetic style by Henry F. Kilburn (1889); Eidlitz had designed the first Park Presbyterian Church (West-Park Presbyterian Church (New York City)) at 84th Street and 11th (now West End) Avenue in 1854, when the Upper West Side was still suburban. ((Christopher Gray, "Streetscapes: West-Park Presbyterian; An 1890 West Side Church Fighting Landmark Status", ''New York Times'', January 10, 1988 ): accessed August 16, 2008).〕 ==Life and career== Eidlitz was born in Prague into a Jewish family; his parents were Abraham and Judith Eidlitz, and he had one brother Markus (later Marc) Eidlitz. He received his early technical training at the Prague ''Realschule'' and then continued his education at the Vienna Technical University. He enrolled in its short-lived business school, not its engineering or architecture curricula. Eidlitz emigrated from Vienna to the United States in 1843 and settled in New York. His brother Marc Eidlitz emigrated to New York three years later.〔 Eidlitz spent three formative years in the office of Richard Upjohn. He likely participated in his project of constructing Trinity Church at the head of Wall Street, which was under way. He also worked with the architect Cyrus Lazelle Warner, whose office was a few doors from that of Upjohn's.〔 In 1846 Eidlitz formed a partnership with the German immigrant architect Karl (now Charles) Otto Blesch, who had trained in Munich with Friedrich von Gärtner. One of their several joint commissions in New York was for St George's Episcopal Church (1846–49), still standing on the west side of Stuyvesant Square. Blesch designed the exterior, mixing Gothic and Romanesque styles,〔Removal of the Gothic stone spires (1889) leaves the church more decidedly Romanesque; Romanesque was still an unfamiliar architectural vocabulary; the design was described as being in the "Byzantine or Early Christian style of architecture." (Kathleen Curran, "19th Century AD", ''The Art Bulletin'' December 1999 (on-line text )).〕 and Eidlitz designed the plain interior and the original openwork spires.〔Kathleen Curran, ''The Romanesque Revival'' 2003:267ff.〕 The Episcopal congregation was so satisfied with the design that they rebuilt the church after a disastrous fire in 1865〔(Illustration of the church following the fire ).〕 following the same design, under Eidlitz' supervision.〔, pp. 85–86〕 By that time the design was also influenced by Dr. Stephen Tyng, a new pastor hired for what had become a changing urban congregation, in a neighborhood largely filled with immigrants. J.P. Morgan, still an influential parishioner, helped support many social services programs started by the church. Eidlitz's reputation was marred by his involvement, with H. H. Richardson and Frederick Law Olmsted, in the re-design of the New York State Capitol in Albany. In 1875, Eidlitz, Richardson, and Olmsted proposed changes to the capitol, which was already under construction to designs by Thomas Fuller. In 1876 state officials dismissed Fuller and hired the trio, causing tremendous controversy. Eidlitz designed the capitol's Assembly Chamber and its now dismantled vault. Eidlitz was a founding member of the American Institute of Architects in 1857.〔AIA Historical Directory of American Architects http://communities.aia.org/sites/hdoaa/wiki/Wiki%20Pages/ahd1012417.aspx〕 In 1859, he joined the Century Association. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Leopold Eidlitz」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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